Unicode support for Tai languages of Assam
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The Tai Aiton language is spoken in parts of Assam, India. The writing system used by Tai Aiton, Tai Phake and Khmati has been unified with the Myanmar script, although each language has its own typographic and calligraphic traditions.
| Glyph | က | ၵ | င | ꩡ | ꩬ | ၺ | တ | ထ | ꩫ | ဒ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Codepoint | 1000 | 1075 | 1004 | AA61 | AA6C | 107A | 1010 | 1011 | AA6B | 1012 |
| Glyph | ပ | ၸ | မ | ဗ | ယ | ꩺ | လ | ဝ | ꩭ | ဢ |
| Codepoint | 1015 | 1078 | 1019 | 1017 | 101A | AA7A | 101C | 101D | AA6D | 1022 |
ꩫ U+AA6B is used to represent the phonemes /n/ and /d/. In modern usage, some Tai Aiton have started using the Burmese character ဒ U+1012 to represent /d/.
မ U+1019 is used to represent the phonemes /m/ and /b/. In modern usage, the Burmese character ဗ U+1017 can be observed representing /b/.
| Glyph | –ျ | –ြ | –ၞ |
|---|---|---|---|
| Codepoint | 103B | 103C | 105E |
| Glyph | –္က | –္ꩬ | –္တ | –္ထ | –္ပ | –္ယ | –္လ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Codepoint | 1039 1000 | 1039 AA6C | 1039 1010 | 1039 1011 | 1039 1015 | 1039 101A | 1039 101C |
The sign –် (sat) is used to mark a final consonant. In the modern orthography the use of sat is obligatory, but most likely will be absent in older manuscripts.
| Glyph | က် | င် | ꩡ် | ၺ် | တ် | ꩫ် | ပ် | မ် | ဝ် |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Codepoint | 1000 103A | 1004 103A | AA61 103A | 107A 103A | 1010 103A | AA6B 103A | 1015 103A | 1019 103A | 101D 103A |
| Glyph | –ႃ | –ႜ | –ီ | –ူ | –ေ | –ေႃ | –ုဝ် | –ိုဝ် |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Codepoint | 1083 | 109C | 102E | 1030 | 1031 | 1031 1083 | 102F 101D 103A | 102D 102F 101D 103A |
–ာ is not included in the modern orthography, but can be observed in older manuscripts for both Tai words and Pali loan words.
| Glyph | –ာ |
|---|---|
| Codepoint | 102C |
These vowels are followed by a final consonant.
| Glyph | –ိ | –ု | –ွ | –ို |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Codepoint | 102D | 102F | 103D | 102D 102F |
Tai Phake uses the combination <U+103D U+103F>. For completeness, support should eb added for Tai Aiton.
| Glyph | –ံ | –်ံ | –ႝ | –ွႝ | –ွေ | –ိုႜ | –်ွ | –်ၞ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Codepoint | 1036 | 103A 1036 | 109D | 103D 109D | 103D 1031 | 102D 102F 109C | 103A 103D | 103A 105E |
The following ligatures do not take diacritics, but are considered as words.
| Glyph | ꩷ | ꩸ | ꩹ |
|---|---|---|---|
| Codepoint | AA77 | AA78 | AA79 |
The reduplication character is functionally similar to the corresponding character in Thai ๆspan> U+0E46 THAI CHARACTER MAIMAYOK. It is a spacing character.
| Glyph | ꩰ |
|---|---|
| Codepoint | AA70 |
Tai Aiton uses ligatures for four doubled final characters. Sat U+103A, the final vowel I U+102E, final AM U+1036 and final AI U+109D can all be doubled.
| Glyph | –်် | –ီီ | –ံံ | –ႝႝ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Codepoint | 103A 103A | 102E 102E | 1036 1036 | 109D 109D |
| Glyph | ၁ | ၂ | ၃ | ၄ | ၅ | ၆ | ၇ | ၈ | ၉ | ၀ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Codepoint | 1041 | 1042 | 1043 | 1044 | 1045 | 1046 | 1047 | 1048 | 1049 | 1040 |
| Glyph | ၊ | ။ |
|---|---|---|
| Codepoint | 104A | 104B |
These notes are based on Unicode Technical Note #11 (version 4), N3492, and The Tai languages of Assam – a grammar and texts by S. Morey.